Vaporizer



Dec. 19, 1922.

*1,439,206. vIVI. l. TRUMBLE.

VAPORIZER. man FEB.1e,1919. a affin-SHEET L.

v4.1. THUMBLE.

es, l0, 1922.

VAPORIZER,

Dec. .19, 1922 d 1,439,206. M. 1. muMBLE.

VAPORlZER. FILED FEB. i8, 1919 3 SHEETS-SHEETYS .Ji/Cy@ Patented @ce i9, 1922.

stares' furnace MILON J'. TRUMBLE, 0F ALHAMBRA, CALIFORNIA.

varonrznn.

Application flied February 1s, 1919. se'riaI no. ermee.

To all whom z't may concern:

Be it .known that I, MILON J. TRUMBLE, a

"citizen of the United States, residing at Alhambra, inv the. county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful .Vaporizer, of 'which the follow- `ing is a speciiication;

My invention, relates to Vaporizers used with internal combustion engines, such as are used on automobiles, 'and more particularly to means for preparing an explosive mixture suoli as is used in such engines.

The object of the invention is to provide a vaporizer by which low grade fuels such as heavy distillates or kerosene may be utllized for the production of such explosive mi tures.

A further object of the invention is to provide means for returning to the fuel reservoir any portion of the fuel which may be carried over in the mixture and which would otherwise pass in a liquid state into. the engine thus causing lubrication and ignition troubles.

Referring to the drawing, which is for illustrative purposes only,

Fig. 1 is a view partly in section showing the method of connecting' my invention to an internal combustion engine.

Fig. 2 is a section on an enlarged scale through the center of the vaporizer.

Fig. 3 is a section 'on a plane represented by the line 33 of Fig. 2. y Fig. 4 is a plan view partly 1n section showing the type of the fuel transfer valve used.

In the forni of the invention illustrated in this drawing, 11 is a jacket provided with a tight cover 12 and o en at the bottom. Secured in air= tight re ationship to the cover 12.is a fuel an 13 forming with the cover 12 a u'el climber 14. Also secured to the cover l2 butspaced therefrom by spacers 15 is an air pan 16.':'Secured to the air pan 16 is a case 17 and a shell 18. The case 17 is provided with ati'ght bottom 19 in which a central tube 20 is tightl secured. Also secured to the central tube 1s a battle bot-tom 21 to which a cylindrical baille 22 lis secured, the baille 22 extending concentrically up between the shell 18 and the case 17 to a point near the top thereof. Also secured to the central tube 20 and the shell 18 is a shell bottom 23. Resting on the shell bottom 23 is a dellector 24 having va tight deflector top 25. The dedector top 25 extends over the edges of the cylindrical deflector 24 and is serrated to form small openings 26 as well shown in F ig. 3, for the purpose of spacing the deector 24 from the shell 18. The lower edge 60 of the detlector 24 'is also serrated to form small openings 27 as shown in Fig. 2. Fitting. loosely about the central tube 2O 1s an upper cone 30 and a lowercone 31', these cones being simply slipped over the tube 20 65 so that any liquid that may run down the outside of the tube or the surface of either cone can readily find its Way between the tube 20 and the inner edges of the cones. The cones 30 and 31 are serrated at their up- 70 per edge to form small openings 32 and 33 as shown in Fig. 2.

The space'between the jacket 11 and the case 17 may be termed an air prelieating space SG, this preheating space being open atthe bottom so that air can readily pass therein and being in open communication at the top with the space between the fuel' pan 13 and the air pan 16. The space be- 'l tween the case 17 andthe shell 18 may be 80 termed the exhaust space 37, this space being divided into two parts by the baille 22.

The exhaust s ace is connected into the manifold 4() of the internal combustion engine with which the invention is used by 86 means of a tube 41 which contains a heat control valve 42 sothat the amount of exhaust A gas passing into this space can be regulated by t e operator by suitable valve operating I mechanism not shown. The exhaust gases 90 pass outwardly through a tube 45. l 'f Connected into the shell bottom 23, passing through the deflector' bottom 21 and the bottom 19 is a drain pipe 46, this drain pipe communicating with the bottom' of a pum 95 cylinder 47 through a check valve 48. piston 49 slides in the pump cylinder 47 and a tube 50' having a check valve 51 therei'niA connects Athe bottom of the cylinder 47 withl the fuel chamber 14. The piston 49 is op- 100 erated through -a piston rod V52 from a bell crank 53 secured to a pin 54, this bell crank being operated manually through a throttle vcontrol rod 55 which is connected to the throttle lever, not shown, of the automobile.

The pin 54 is connected to a throttle valve 56 in the central tube 20, which is connected through a flange 57 with the intake manifold l of the engine (not shown).

liocated in the fuel chamber 14 is a float 110 60 which is pivoted on a pin 61 and which operates a needle valve 62 in a valve castmg closing the needle valve 62 Whenever the chamber frills suiicieutlj.' to make his nec Y cssuljy'. thus maiinluining u const-.int supply ol' fuel in the fuel chamber il.

.in oilicniug Si closed by the valve 62 coniiuunieatcs with a cavity which is connecei'l to zi pipe o0 connected to a gasoline supply noi shown and to o pipe 67 connected to a. liei'oseic supply. no?, shown. Balls 68 opez'ucil hy u cum $9 serve #zo shut off the low of liquid silufougli either he pipe 66 or the pipe 37 in: the will of the opemtor by suitable manual control mechanism not shown.

Seemed iu the cover l2 is a fuel head 70,

this fuel hcml having' s hol ii Cavity 'Il in the iop lieieo., ilu: iop of which is closed oy u plug TL. 'The het sii* cuviv 7l is fed Willi lio-t uii' through u pipe Tl, this pipe 7B exciuling through the center of the manifold 4U unil seing open to the sii' at 7491s shown in Fig. l so that when the engine is running u suppl);T of hol. :air msj; he ...drawn therethrough. Ain opening in the'lowei portion of ilho hoi alii cavity 7l is closed hy n nozzle which is lnfescled therein so shot ii can he reuiiiy si'ljusteiil up oi down.

Sui'i'ouucliug' .the nozzle Z5 is annular fuel c inniher i5 in open communication with the fuel he "fuel chamber M und which communicates through small openings 7? with :i eenisl opening .78 in she nozzle 75. This central oyeniiig 78 is conical and a stem 8) sealed therein. si. series of hot aii openings are drillsl in the bottom of the hoi*- sii chamber 7l, conimuniening wish un opening; 82 formed in the bottom of the fuel hssfl Y0. Sliding' loosely in this opening: s uhe 9? having a skirt 91. The sin 'f 9i hss s lip $2 which is turned downn ly which is searaed to form a luy nl: 've-ry small openings 93. The s :ift 9i is seul-iced in space-sii relsaionship with a vulve 9%- whieh is of the pzoper shape and forni figfiqglfy irs wit-h he bottom of he si? pas h. sii pali l@ has su opening Sllwhili closed hy the shim 191 with puits in iihe position shown in Fig. Thc sein is also seemed in the valve 94: @Neuling downwsi'clly ino s, socket Egil carried hy the (ieieeor lop 25 in which u compression spying 161 is pissed. This compression spring rends hold sie stcin Ful. lzl vulve und the shirt 15. in their uppei posiion is shown in Fig, E. The weighed of operaion of the ui'feni'iou is ssii'olo'ws: Y

The bmg* in die nosizion shown in Fig. 2 nml iS-he fuel chuiuoei' lll being' filled with gasoline whieh is ordinarily assured by the ope-.valor of he engins ,tunning on the uel in the fuel chuniher l@ reaches a prede gasoline just before the engine'is shut down, the engine is shifted 'by means of any auxiiiary Eype of starter or by hand, thus cans ing a partial vacuum inside the central tubo 2() which is connected o the intake of the, engine. The amount oi this pal-tial vacuum depends on the speed o? ho engine und acts upon the valve 94, temi pull it downwaz'dly from iis seat ou the air an 16. and also pulling the stsm SO away .rom its seau, in the nozzle 75. A partial vacuum acts through the centrali opening 78 on the cavity 'lo' which is in open communication with the fuel chamber il, drawing fue?, downwardly into the opening 82. This l'i` is spread out by the skirt 9i und biolien un by the smail perfoi-utions 92%. passing! throu he space lieujeeu the fucl pun 12% ani-l the uil' valve (l. Ail' is at the sanne time drown up u'uidly hiough the piehcziing space 56 into thc space lietwen the fuel pan l?.- :mil the niipun 16, this air passing llu'ough the opening' 96 into the space heween he aix' pim 16 and the valve 94. .ln the luiizelspace ii; mixes with the fuel 'which is being drawn in u pluruiity of line through the open ing 93.

The iuixure of air unil fuel passes down! wai'dly between the (leilecloi c vlindei: smi. the shell l uml upwardly through the small openings 3i?. ami 33. passing e uslly iuio the central tube Q0 from which isses imo the cylinders of the engine. This explosivo mixture is then igrniteil und this engine 'starts to turn over under i :i power. the exhzlius gases being' (lis/l l ino the exhaust manifold T", sust gases heut the im' which is i 1 hrougli the opening mo i Luhe the hot un' passing' into the h s' cliumbei' 7l und downwardly through il ouali openings 8l into lha space lily heated air tends lo ut up luel head 7? unil the fuel in ille fuel chum' ei' l therczu'ound. I: also n'iiXcs wih the vimos* in ihe chamber an@ passes willi iis, si-por ovef; into tlie cent-rail whe 20, As soon as f he engine is again lieuiecl up the eccentric 69 is lhi'own over io admit the liezivie' fuel such us kerosene 'lo the fuel chamhe i4. This heavy fuel ilmwn into h@ spsce 82 in which it is mixcil with the hot sii' from the ube T3 und with hot un' fi'om the prehenting space 36. the air iu the space 36 having been heated loir its conti-icl; with the heated case l?. `The oase 1T iin-tl the shell 18 uw: healed hy the exhuus of engine pz ihi'ough the tube 4l and cou-- smiled in amount by the valve 42. As u resuit hot air is supplied hom through the. tuhe T3 und from the preheating space 36. lhis het air heats the heavy fuel, helping so uspoz'ize itand to produce an explosive mix ture. This explosive mixture' passes flou/im wurdlv through the space between alle shell.

Aso

in'gs 27 into the interior of the detlector 245i In its passage downwardly through the fthin annular' space. between the shell 18 and the delector21t the air and fuel are further heated, producing a further vaporization thereof, the heated mixture rising through the open? ings 32 and 33 into the spaceunder the de-y Hector top 25 and passing from this into the central tube 20 from which the mixture readily passes to the engine. l f' The deiiector 24 and lthe Adeiiector top 25 form a large heated chamber through which the mixture moves at a slow'rate of speed. Anyparticles of unvaporized fuel tend to settle out in this chamber, this settlement being assisted by the uppercone- 30 and the lower cone 31 which tend to collect any drops of -unvaporized liquid, these drops running downwardly to the shell bottom 23. As this shell bottom is heated by the exhaust gases ot the engine a certain portion of the liquid which settles thereon is further vaporized. Certain portions thereof are not vaporized and these portions tend to run down the tube 46 into the cylinder 47. The piston 419 being connected to the throttle rod 55, it is moved up or down whenever the throttle valve 56, which controls the speed of the engine, is operated.

When the engine is running under uniform conditions, in other Words, when it is on the road at a more or less uniform speed there is not much tendency for unvaporized fuel to collect, this tendency being most marked during the times that the engine is being started or stopped frequently as happens when passing through a crowded city or when getting started on a trip. At these times the throttle is frequently manipulated and the excess fueljis readily pumped back .into the fuel chamber 14. It at any other time the operator notices any accumulation 'of unvapoiized fuel which can often be detected by an irregular operation of the engine` it ispossibl'e for him to pump this accumulation out by manipulating the hand throttle.

g Vilhatl I claim is l. A vaporizer for producing an explosive mixture of air with the heated vapors of heavy hydrocarbons for use with an internal combustion engine, comprising an atomizing device for producing a finely divided inist from a supply ofsaid heavy hydroearbons, a heater torlheating a primary air are...into which said mixture is passed andy in which any unraporized portions ol hydrocarbon may settle, a tulle connected to the intake manifold ot' said internal eoinbustion engine. said tube being so situated that it eau withdraw the mixture trom near vthe. top ot' saideluunber. and a pump for vdivided mist from a supply ot said heavy -hydrocarbons, a heater for heating a primary air supply, a pipe for conducting said primary air intoisaid atomizer in such a position that said air is mixed directly with said mist thus heating and vaporizing said mist, walls forming a passage through which a secondary air supply is drawn, members associated with said walls to form an exhaust space, pipes connecting said exhaust space with the exhaust manifold of said engine, members so placed as to mix said secondary air with the mixture 'of primary air and hydrocarbons, walls forming a precipitating chamber of large area into which said mixture is passed and in which any unvaporized portions of hydrocarbon may settle, a tube connected to the intake manifold of f said internal combustion engine, said tube being so situated that it can withdraw the mixture fromJ near the top of said chamber, and a pump for forcing any liquid precipitated in said chamber back into said supply of heav yhydrocarbon'.

3. A vaporizer .ihr producing an explosive mixture of air with the heated vapors of heavy hydrocarbons for use with an internal combustion engine, comprising an atomizing device for producing a fi ely divided mist from La supply of said heavy hydrocarbons, a heater for heatingja primary air supply, a pipe for conducting` said primary air into said atomizer in such a position that said air is mixed directly with said m'ist thus heating. and vaporizing said mist, wa-lisj forming a passage through which a secondary air supply is drawn, members so placed as to mix said secondary air with the mixture of primary air and hydrocar- 'bons` walls forming a precipitating chamber of large area. into which said mixture is passed and in which any unvaporized Ap'ortions ot hydrocarbon may settle, elements associated with the walls of said precipitating chamber to form a prycipitating chamber heating space, means or passing the cxliaust gases from said internal combustion engine through said precipitating chamber heatingspace, a tube connected to the intake manifold ot said 'internal' combustion ens I gine, said tube being so situated that it can \\i;h lrii\\' the mixture 'from near the top of suiil -liiiiiilier` und :i puiiip for fori-ing any' liquid precipitated iii Suid eliziiiilier liiieli into siiiil sluppl)r of heavy liydi'orzirlioii.

l, i\ iiiporizei' for producing :in explosive mixture of nir with the heated *vw pori; ol' lieiiilv lijvdi'oeiirlions for use with :in iiiteriiail romliustion engine roiiipi'isiiig an :ioiiiiziugA ilei'ire lui' producing ii finely ilivileil luist "liioiii :i lsupply of Suid hein/*y liyili'oriiiliiins, u lieziter `'iii limiting u pri-V iuiir)Y nii' supply. ii `pipe 'for eoriiluriiiigA z iiil primary iiii' info sziiil zion'iizer iii such u position tlui siiiil ziii' is iiiixeil ilireeizly with sziiil mint lliiis li ,siting :inil Vziporifniiig will mist5 wiills 'forming :i passage through u'liieli a. seeoiiiliiry iiir supplyY ir; ilriiwii. iiieii'ilieris so pliieeil iis to mix sziiil seeonilziry iiir willi lie mixture of iiriiiiziry iiir unil lijulroezii'-l lions. walls 'Forming ii previpitzitingeliziiiilier of large uren into which Suid mixture is pixsseil unil in 'whieli muy uui'zipi'irizeil poi'- tioiis oi liy lroeiirlx u mii); eeitle7 :i iilie mnnerteil 'to the inl-zik@ iiiiinil'ohl o? said inlernal combustion engine. Siiiil ul'ie being so situated that it cmi Withdraw the mixture vfrom near the top of said chamber, a throttie valve for'Cantrellint/:v the flow of mixture,

ranged as; to produce an explosive mixture oi {iii-and liueh Walls forini1'i g :i precipitatingeliiuiilier in which liquid is precipitated, u throtle 'valve zii-ranged 'io Control the flow of Suid iziixture, ii pump arranged to pump siii'd liquid from said precipitating chamlier into said fuel chamber, and mechanism rso'iineel'i'iiglj siiiil throttle to saiil pump.

in leiiiuioiilv wherof. I have hereunto nel my luinil :it Los ngeles. California, this 10th (fliy of February, 1919.

iiuLoN J. TRllui/iiiiin.

Cit 

